Essential thrombocythemia

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Essential thrombocythaemia (ET) refers to an acquired myeloproliferative neoplastic state characterised by an expansion of the megakaryocytic lineage, leading to an isolated elevation of platelets. It falls under the group of myeloproliferative disorders. It increases the risk of both thrombosis and haemorrhage.

Pathology

The disease has traditionally been a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring the absence of reactive conditions and other clonal disorders that may present with thrombocytosis. The discovery of mutations in JAK2 and MPL now allows for the positive identification of ET in more than one-half of all cases.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is often when there is an "unexplained and persistent thrombocytosis" (platelet count > 450 × 10⁹/L). Several diagnostic criteria have been put forward e.g. WHO 2008 and BCSH 2010 ².

Radiographic manifestations

Can be variable dependant on the organ involved and usually suspected when there are thrombosis of various vessels or ishaemic events such as recurrent strokes etc..

-<p><strong>Essential thrombocythaemia (ET)</strong> refers to an acquired myeloproliferative neoplastic state characterised by an expansion of the megakaryocytic lineage, leading to an isolated elevation of platelets. It falls under the group of <a title="Myeloproliferative disorders" href="/articles/myeloproliferative-disorder">myeloproliferative disorders</a><strong>. It </strong>increases the risk of both thrombosis and haemorrhage. </p><h4><strong>Pathology</strong></h4><p>The disease has traditionally been a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring the absence of reactive conditions and other clonal disorders that may present with thrombocytosis. The discovery of mutations in <em>JAK2</em> and <em>MPL</em> now allows for the positive identification of ET in more than one-half of all cases. </p><h5>Diagnosis</h5><p>Diagnosis is often when there is an "unexplained and persistent thrombocytosis" (platelet count > 450 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L). Several diagnostic criteria have been put forward e.g. WHO 2008 and BCSH 2010 <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic manifestations</h4><p>Can be variable dependant on the organ involved and usually suspected when there are thrombosis of various vessels or ishaemic events such as recurrent strokes etc.. </p>
+<p><strong>Essential thrombocythaemia (ET)</strong> refers to an acquired myeloproliferative neoplastic state characterised by an expansion of the megakaryocytic lineage, leading to an isolated elevation of platelets. It falls under the group of <a href="/articles/myeloproliferative-disorder">myeloproliferative disorders</a><strong>. It </strong>increases the risk of both thrombosis and haemorrhage. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>The disease has traditionally been a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring the absence of reactive conditions and other clonal disorders that may present with thrombocytosis. The discovery of mutations in <em>JAK2</em> and <em>MPL</em> now allows for the positive identification of ET in more than one-half of all cases. </p><h5>Diagnosis</h5><p>Diagnosis is often when there is an "unexplained and persistent thrombocytosis" (platelet count > 450 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L). Several diagnostic criteria have been put forward e.g. WHO 2008 and BCSH 2010 <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic manifestations</h4><p>Can be variable dependant on the organ involved and usually suspected when there are thrombosis of various vessels or ishaemic events such as recurrent strokes etc.. </p>

References changed:

1. Billot S, Kouroupi EG, Le Guilloux J et-al. Neurological disorders in essential thrombocythemia. Haematologica. 2011;96 (12): 1866-9. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2011.050005">doi:10.3324/haematol.2011.050005</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232271">Free text at pubmed</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21933860">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
2. Beer PA, Erber WN, Campbell PJ et-al. How I treat essential thrombocythemia. Blood. 2011;117 (5): 1472-82. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-08-270033">doi:10.1182/blood-2010-08-270033</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3145107">Free text at pubmed</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21106990">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
3. Arboix A, Besses C, Acín P et-al. Ischemic stroke as first manifestation of essential thrombocythemia. Report of six cases. Stroke. 1995;26 (8): 1463-6. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.26.8.1463">doi:10.1161/01.STR.26.8.1463</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7631354">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
4. Kumagai N, Mitsutake R, Miura S et-al. Acute coronary syndrome associated with essential thrombocythemia. J Cardiol. 2009;54 (3): 485-9. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2009.03.001">doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2009.03.001</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19944327">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>

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