Ethmoid bulla
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The ethmoid bulla, also known as bulla ethmoidalis, is the largest and most consistent air cell of the anterior ethmoid sinuses.
Gross anatomy
It is located posterior to the frontal recess and enclosed laterally by the lamina papyracea. It forms the roof of the middle meatus.
It can be classified into three subtypes 1:
- simple bulla (50%): a single cavity that usually communicates in the hiatus semilunaris
- compound bulla (25%): 2-3 separate compartments that communicate with the hiatus semilunaris
- complex bulla (25%): 2-3 separate compartments that communicate with the hiatus semilunaris, ethmoid infundibulum
andor superior meatus.
ItIt is formed by pneumatisation of the bulla lamella and its degree of pneumatisation is variable. When no air cell exists inIn its most extreme form (giant ethmoid bulla), it may fill the entire middle meatus. Failure of pneumatisation of the ethmoid bulla, it is termed torus ethmoidalisor torus lateralis3.
-<p>The <strong>ethmoid bulla</strong>, also known as <strong>bulla </strong><strong>ethmoidalis</strong>, is the largest and most consistent air cell of the anterior <a title="Ethmoid sinuses" href="/articles/ethmoidal-air-cells">ethmoid sinuses</a>.</p><h4>Gross anatomy</h4><p>It is located posterior to the <a title="Frontal recess" href="/articles/frontal-recess">frontal recess</a> and enclosed laterally by the <a title="lamina papyracea" href="/articles/lamina-papyracea">lamina papyracea</a>. It forms the roof of the <a title="middle meatus" href="/articles/middle-meatus">middle meatus</a>.</p><p>It can be classified into three subtypes <sup>1</sup>:</p><ul>-<li>simple bulla (50%): a single cavity that usually communicates in the <a title="Hiatus semilunaris" href="/articles/hiatus-semilunaris">hiatus </a><a title="Hiatus semilunaris" href="/articles/hiatus-semilunaris">semilunaris</a>- +<p>The <strong>ethmoid bulla</strong>, also known as <strong>bulla </strong><strong>ethmoidalis</strong>, is the largest and most consistent air cell of the anterior <a href="/articles/ethmoidal-air-cells">ethmoid sinuses</a>.</p><h4>Gross anatomy</h4><p>It is located posterior to the <a href="/articles/frontal-recess">frontal recess</a> and enclosed laterally by the <a href="/articles/lamina-papyracea">lamina papyracea</a>. It forms the roof of the <a href="/articles/middle-meatus">middle meatus</a>.</p><p>It can be classified into three subtypes <sup>1</sup>:</p><ul>
- +<li>simple bulla (50%): a single cavity that usually communicates in the <a href="/articles/hiatus-semilunaris">hiatus </a><a href="/articles/hiatus-semilunaris">semilunaris</a>
-<li>complex bulla (25%): 2-3 separate compartments that communicate with the hiatus, ethmoid infundibulum and </li>-</ul><p> It is formed by pneumatisation of the <a href="/articles/bulla-lamella">bulla lamella</a>. When no air cell exists in the ethmoid bulla, it is called <a title="torus ethmoidalis" href="/articles/torus-ethmoidalis">torus </a><a title="torus ethmoidalis" href="/articles/torus-ethmoidalis">ethmoidalis</a><a title="torus ethmoidalis" href="/articles/torus-ethmoidalis"> </a>or torus lateralis.</p><p><!--EndFragment--></p>- +<li>complex bulla (25%): 2-3 separate compartments that communicate with the hiatus semilunaris, ethmoid infundibulum or <a href="/articles/superior-meatus">superior meatus</a>.</li>
- +</ul><p>It is formed by pneumatisation of the <a href="/articles/bulla-lamella">bulla lamella</a> and its degree of pneumatisation is variable. In its most extreme form (giant ethmoid bulla), it may fill the entire middle meatus. Failure of pneumatisation of the ethmoid bulla is termed <a href="/articles/torus-ethmoidalis">torus </a><a href="/articles/torus-ethmoidalis">ethmoidalis </a><sup>3</sup>.</p><p><!--EndFragment--></p>
References changed:
- 1. Mohammad Javed Ali. Principles and Practice of Lacrimal Surgery. (2018) ISBN: 9789811054426 - <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9789811054426">Google Books</a>
- 2. M. Eric Gershwin, Gary Incaudo. Diseases of the Sinuses. (2012) ISBN: 9781461202257 - <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9781461202257">Google Books</a>
- 3. Vincent Chong. Skull Base Imaging. (2017) ISBN: 9780323496049 - <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9780323496049">Google Books</a>
Sections changed:
- Anatomy
Systems changed:
- Head & Neck
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