Hepatosplenomegaly

Changed by Daniel J Bell, 22 Jun 2019

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Hepatosplenomegaly is simply the coexistence of a pathologically-enlarged liver (hepatomegaly) and spleen (splenomegaly).

Pathology

Aetiology

Infection

Many, many infections can produce a mild concurrent enlargement of the liver and spleen. This list is by no means exhaustive!

viral
- EBV (infectious mononucleosis) (common)
- AIDS with Mycobacterial avium complex infection*
- CMV
- rubella
bacterial
fungal
- histoplasmosis
- candidiasis ¹
parasitic disease

Malignancy

lymphoma
leukaemia
multiple metastases: primaries: melanoma, pancreatic, breast, hepatic angiosarcoma
- splenic metastases not usually seen unless advanced metastatic disease

Haematological

extramedullary haematopoiesis
thalassaemia
sickle cell disease: normal/atrophic spleen more common
systemic mastocytosis
myelofibrosis
haemochromatosis

Storage diseases/metabolic/infiltrative disorders

Connective tissue disorders

Others

cirrhosis (early)
portal hypertension (non-cirrhotic)

+<li><a title="Wolman disease" href="/articles/wolman-disease">Wolman disease</a></li>

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