Interventricular foramen (of Monro)

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The interventricular foramen, also known as foramen of Monro, is part of the ventricular system and the connection between the third ventricle and the lateral ventricle.

These paired foramina allow for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid between lateral ventricles and third ventricle, and effacement or blockage results in non-communicating obstructive hydrocephalus.

Gross anatomy

Each foramen of Monro lies between the roof and anterior wall of the third ventricle behind the column and body of the fornix and anterior to the thalamus ⁴.

A number of structures pass through each foramen (in addition to CSF) ⁴:

choroid plexus
arteries: distal branches of the medial posterior choroidal arteries
veins: thalamostriate, superior choroidal and septal

If the ventricles are small, then each foramen is a small crescent, concave anteriorly (indented by the fornix). On the other hand, if the ventricles are large, each foramen becomes more circular in crosssection ⁴.

History and etymology

The structure was named after the Scottish physician Alexander Monro (1733-1817), who first described it in 1783 ³. It should be noted, however, that in his description he acknowledges that these communications were known about and previously described as far back as Galen, and this is another example of Stigler law of eponymy⁴.

To be precise, it should also be noted that the individual who described the foramen is Alexander Monro secundus (the second). His father and his son were both also called Alexander Monro (primus and tertius respectively) and all three of them held the chair of anatomy at the University of Edinburgh ⁴.

Related pathology

-</ul>If the ventricles are small, then each foramen is a small crescent, concave anteriorly (indented by the fornix). On the other hand, if the ventricles are large, each foramen becomes more circular in crosssection 4.<h4>History and etymology</h4>The structure was named after the Scottish physician Alexander Monro (1733-1817), who first described it in 1783 3. It should be noted, however, that in his description he acknowledges that these communications were known about and previously described as far back as Galen 4. To be precise, it should also be noted that the individual who described the foramen is Alexander Monro secundus (the second). His father and his son were both also called Alexander Monro (primus and tertius respectively) and all three of them held the chair of anatomy at the University of Edinburgh 4. <h4>Related pathology</h4><ul>
+</ul>If the ventricles are small, then each foramen is a small crescent, concave anteriorly (indented by the fornix). On the other hand, if the ventricles are large, each foramen becomes more circular in crosssection 4.<h4>History and etymology</h4>The structure was named after the Scottish physician Alexander Monro (1733-1817), who first described it in 1783 3. It should be noted, however, that in his description he acknowledges that these communications were known about and previously described as far back as Galen, and this is another example of <a title="Stigler law of eponymy" href="/articles/stiglers-law-of-eponymy">Stigler law of eponymy</a> 4. To be precise, it should also be noted that the individual who described the foramen is Alexander Monro secundus (the second). His father and his son were both also called Alexander Monro (primus and tertius respectively) and all three of them held the chair of anatomy at the University of Edinburgh 4. <h4>Related pathology</h4><ul>

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