Left atrial appendage
Updates to Article Attributes
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a pouch-like projection from the main body of the left atrium.
Gross anatomy
Morphological types
Four main morphological types have been described:
- cactus: 30%
- chicken wing: 48%
- windsock: 19%
- cauliflower: 3%.
Development
It is derived from the left wall of the primary atrium, which forms during the fourth week of embryonic development. It has developmental, ultrastructural, and physiological characteristics distinct from the left atrium proper.
Related pathology
It can be source of source of more than 90% of cardiac-based emboli.
Practical points
Some authors report that the presence trabeculations and a smaller left atrial appendage orifice diameter may be associated with greater stroke prevalence in atrial fibrillation. i.e. the risk is loweest with chicken wing with other types carrying higher risk cactus (x 4.08), windsock (x 4.5), and cauliflower (x 8).
-</ul><h4>Development</h4><p>It is derived from the left wall of the primary atrium, which forms during the fourth week of embryonic development. It has developmental, ultrastructural, and physiological characteristics distinct from the left atrium proper.</p><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>It can be source of source of more than 90% of cardiac-based emboli.</p>- +</ul><h4>Development</h4><p>It is derived from the left wall of the primary atrium, which forms during the fourth week of embryonic development. It has developmental, ultrastructural, and physiological characteristics distinct from the left atrium proper.</p><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>It can be source of source of more than 90% of cardiac-based emboli.</p><h4>Practical points</h4><p>Some authors report that the presence trabeculations and a smaller left atrial appendage orifice diameter may be associated with greater stroke prevalence in atrial fibrillation. i.e. the risk is loweest with chicken wing with other types carrying higher risk cactus (x 4.08), windsock (x 4.5), and cauliflower (x 8).</p>
References changed:
- 5. Khurram IM, Dewire J, Mager M et-al. Relationship between left atrial appendage morphology and stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10 (12): 1843-9. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.09.065">doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.09.065</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24076444">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
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