Millard-Gubler syndrome

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Millard Gubler syndrome,also known as ventral pontine syndrome,is one of thecrossed ~~paralyses~~paralysis syndromes ~~that~~, which are characterised by cranial nerves VI and VII palsies with contralateral body motor or sensory disturbances.

Clinical presentation

ipsilateral facial and contralateral body hemiplegia due to pyramidal tract involvement
isotropism and diplopia that is worsened while the patient looks toward the lesion
ipsilateral facial paresis and loss of corneal reflex

Pathology

Lesions in ventral aspect of the caudal pons involving the fibres of the cranial nerves VI and VII as well as corticospinal tract.

Aetiology

Causes vary by age

young
- tumour
- demyelination (e.g. MS)
- viral infection (e.g. rhombencephalitis)
older
- vascular

Radiographic features

Lesions are in ventral aspect of caudal pons with imaging characteristics depend on underlying cause.

-<p><strong>Millard </strong><strong>Gubler</strong><strong> syndrome </strong>also known as<strong> ventral pontine syndrome </strong>is one of the<strong> </strong><a href="/articles/crossed-paralyses-syndromes">crossed paralyses syndromes</a> that characterised by cranial nerves <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">VI </a>and <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">VII</a> palsies with contralateral body motor or sensory disturbances.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><ul>
+<p><strong>Millard </strong><strong>Gubler</strong><strong> syndrome</strong>,<strong> </strong>also known as<strong> ventral pontine syndrome</strong>,<strong> </strong>is one of the<strong> </strong><a title="crossed paralysis syndromes" href="/articles/crossed-paralysis-syndromes">crossed paralysis syndromes</a>, which are characterised by cranial nerves <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">VI </a>and <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">VII</a> palsies with contralateral body motor or sensory disturbances.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><ul>
-</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Lesions in ventral aspect of the caudal pons involving the fibres of the cranial nerves <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">VI </a>and <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">VII</a> as well as corticospinal tract. </p><h5>Aetiology</h5><p>Causes vary by age</p><ul>
+</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Lesions in ventral aspect of the caudal pons involving the fibres of the cranial nerves <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">VI</a> and <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">VII</a> as well as corticospinal tract. </p><h5>Aetiology</h5><p>Causes vary by age</p><ul>

References changed:

2. Yasuda Y, Matsuda I, Sakagami T et-al. Pontine infarction with pure Millard-Gubler syndrome: precise localization with magnetic resonance imaging. Eur. Neurol. 1993;33 (4): 331-4. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8348923">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
3. A Matlis. Millard-Gubler syndrome. AJNR Am J; Neuroradiol. 1994;15 (1): 179-181. <a href="http://www.ajnr.org/content/15/1/179.citation">Read relevant article<a/>. Accessed on 19/01/2016<span class="auto"></span>
2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8348923
3. A Matlis. Millard-Gubler syndrome. AJNR Am J
 Neuroradiol. 1994;15 (1): 179-181. <a href="http://www.ajnr.org/content/15/1/179.citation">Read relevant article<a/>. Accessed on 19/01/2016<span class="auto"></span>