Osteoma
Updates to Article Attributes
Osteomas are benign mature bony growths. When it grows from another bone it is known as a "homoplastic osteoma"; when it grows in other tissues it is referred to as a "heteroplastic osteoma".
Clinical presentation
They are benign, slow growing and usually asymptomatic. They may be identified as masses (skull and mandible) or as the underlying cause of sinusitis or mucocele formation (paranasal sinuses). When multiple, Gardner syndrome should be considered.
They commonly occur in the head and neck:
Pathology
Osteomas are, as the name suggests, osteogenic tumours composed of mature bone. Three histological patterns are recognised 1:
-
ivory osteoma
- also known as eburnated osteoma
- dense bone lacking haversian system
-
mature osteoma
- also known as osteoma spongiosum
- resembles 'normal' bone, including trabecular bone often with marrow
-
mixed osteoma
- mixture of ivory and mature histology
Radiographic features
The imaging appearance reflects the underlying pathology, with ivory osteomas appearing as very dense radiodense lesions, similar to normal cortex, whereas mature osteomas may demonstrate central marrow.
Treatment and prognosis
Osteomas are benign and only require excision if they cause adjacent complications (e.g. mucocoele formation) or mass effect (functional or cosmetic impairment).
-<p><strong>Osteomas</strong> are benign mature bony growths. When it grows from another bone it is known as a "homoplastic osteoma"; when it grows in other tissues it is referred to as a "heteroplastic osteoma". </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>They are benign, slow growing and usually asymptomatic. They may be identified as masses (skull and mandible) or as the underlying cause of sinusitis or mucocele formation (paranasal sinuses). When multiple, <a href="/articles/gardner_syndrome">Gardner syndrome</a> should be considered. </p><p>They commonly occur in the head and neck:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Osteomas</strong> are benign mature bony growths. When it grows from another bone it is known as a "homoplastic osteoma"; when it grows in other tissues it is referred to as a "heteroplastic osteoma". </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>They are benign, slow growing and usually asymptomatic. They may be identified as masses (skull and mandible) or as the underlying cause of sinusitis or mucocele formation (paranasal sinuses). When multiple, <a href="/articles/gardner-syndrome">Gardner syndrome</a> should be considered. </p><p>They commonly occur in the head and neck:</p><ul>
Image 12 CT (3D) ( create )
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