Placenta increta
Disclosures
- updated 6 Dec 2022:
- Biogen Australia Pty Ltd, Investigator-Initiated Research Grant for CAD software in multiple sclerosis: finished Oct 2021 (past)
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Placenta increta is an intermediate level in the spectrum of abnormal placental villous implantation and accounts for ~20% of such cases. The placental villi extend beyond the confines of the endometrium and invade the myometrium.
The ends of the spectrum of abnormal placental villi adherence are:
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is increasing (likely related to the increased practice of caesarean sections), probably ~1 in 50,000 pregnancies.
Risk factors
- prior caesarean section
- placenta praevia
- advanced maternal age
- uterine anomalies
- intrauterine adhesion bands
- previous surgery
Pathology
In placenta increta, chorionic villi invade well into the myometrium but not through the entire wall.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
As with the less severe placenta accreta, there can be focal obliteration of the retroplacental hypoechoic zone 4.
-<p><strong>Placenta increta</strong> is an intermediate level in the spectrum of <a href="/articles/spectrum-of-abnormal-placental-villous-adherence">abnormal placental villous implantation</a> and accounts for ~20% of such cases. The placental villi extend beyond the confines of the endometrium and invade the myometrium. </p><p>The ends of the spectrum of abnormal placental villi adherence are:</p><ul>-<li><a href="/articles/placenta-accreta">placenta accreta</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/placenta-percreta">placenta percreta</a></li>-</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated incidence is increasing (likely related to the increased practice of caesarean sections), probably ~1 in 50,000 pregnancies.</p><h5>Risk factors </h5><ul>-<li>prior caesarean section</li>-<li><a href="/articles/placenta-praevia">placenta praevia</a></li>-<li>advanced maternal age</li>-<li><a href="/articles/mullerian-duct-anomalies">uterine anomalies</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome">intrauterine adhesion bands</a></li>-<li>previous surgery</li>- +<p><strong>Placenta increta</strong> is an intermediate level in the spectrum of <a href="/articles/spectrum-of-abnormal-placental-villous-adherence">abnormal placental villous implantation</a> and accounts for ~20% of such cases. The placental villi extend beyond the confines of the endometrium and invade the myometrium. </p><p>The ends of the spectrum of abnormal placental villi adherence are:</p><ul>
- +<li><a href="/articles/placenta-accreta">placenta accreta</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/placenta-percreta">placenta percreta</a></li>
- +</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated incidence is increasing (likely related to the increased practice of caesarean sections), probably ~1 in 50,000 pregnancies.</p><h5>Risk factors </h5><ul>
- +<li>prior caesarean section</li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/placenta-praevia">placenta praevia</a></li>
- +<li>advanced maternal age</li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/mullerian-duct-anomalies">uterine anomalies</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome">intrauterine adhesion bands</a></li>
- +<li>previous surgery</li>
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Image 1 Diagram (Placenta accreta spectrum) ( create )
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Figure 1: placenta accreta spectrum
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