Platysma muscle

Changed by Daniel J Bell, 8 Jul 2019

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Platysma muscle

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Platysma muscle is a broad superficial fascial sheet of thin muscle covering the superior anterior chest, anterior and anterolateral neck and anterolateral mandibular region.

Gross anatomy

The muscle consists of three parts: pars mandibularis, pars labialis and pars modiolaris.

origin: the fascia of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
insertion: lower border of the mandible, the lower lip, and subcutaneous tissue of the lower face

Actions

tenses the skin between the jaw and lateral neck
assists in lowering the mandible

BloodArterial supply

submental branch of the facial artery: commonest
suprascapular artery

Venous drainage

anteriorly: small venous tributaries, often via the submental vein, drain into the superior thyroid vein, anterior jugular vein, or facial vein of the internal jugular vein system ^2,3
posteriorly: external jugular vein^2,3

Innervation

cervical branch of the facial nerve

~~-</ul><h4>Blood supply</h4><ul>~~
~~-<li>submental branch of the <a href="/articles/facial-artery">facial artery</a>~~
~~-</li>~~
+</ul><h4>Arterial supply</h4><ul>
+<li>
+<a href="/articles/submental-artery">submental</a> branch of the <a href="/articles/facial-artery">facial artery</a>: commonest</li>
+</ul><h4>Venous drainage</h4><ul>
+<li>anteriorly: small venous tributaries, often via the <a href="/articles/submental-vein">submental vein</a>, drain into the <a href="/articles/superior-thyroid-vein">superior thyroid vein</a>, <a href="/articles/anterior-jugular-vein">anterior jugular vein</a>, or <a href="/articles/facial-vein">facial vein</a> of the internal jugular vein system <sup>2,3</sup>
+</li>
+<li>posteriorly: <a href="/articles/external-jugular-vein">external jugular vein</a> <sup>2,3</sup>
+</li>

References changed:

2. Agarwal A, Schneck CD, Kelley DJ. Venous drainage of the platysma myocutaneous flap. (2004) Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 130 (3): 357-9. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2003.12.005">doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2003.12.005</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15054379">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
3. Uehara M, Helman JI, Lillie JH, Brooks SL. Blood supply to the platysma muscle flap: an anatomic study with clinical correlation. (2001) Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 59 (6): 642-6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1053/joms.2001.23389">doi:10.1053/joms.2001.23389</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11381387">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>