PSA density

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The PSA density (PSAD), is a calculation performed at diagnosis and is the serum PSA level (ng/mL) divided by the volume of the prostate gland (mL)¹. Prostate volume is calculated from TRUS measurements²^,3.

~~PSA density~~Alternatively, PSAD may be calculated using MRI measurements³ of prostate volumes or less commonly, using post-surgical histopathological measurements of prostate volumes⁴.

PSAD has been used as a prognostication tool in helping decide between a watch-and-wait or an invasive approach when managing prostate carcinoma⁵. The cut-off used most commonly is 0.15 or 0.20 ng/mL².

-The PSA density (PSAD), is a calculation performed at diagnosis and is the serum <a href="/articles/prostate-specific-antigen-1">PSA</a> level (ng/mL) divided by the volume of the prostate gland (mL). PSA density has been used as a prognostication tool in helping decide between a watch-and-wait or an invasive approach when managing <a href="/articles/prostatic-carcinoma-1">prostate carcinoma</a>. The cut-off used most commonly is 0.15 or 0.20 ng/mL2.
+The PSA density (PSAD), is a calculation performed at diagnosis and is the serum <a href="/articles/prostate-specific-antigen-1">PSA</a> level (ng/mL) divided by the volume of the prostate gland (mL)1. Prostate volume is calculated from TRUS measurements2,3. Alternatively, PSAD may be calculated using MRI measurements3 of prostate volumes or less commonly, using post-surgical histopathological measurements of prostate volumes4. PSAD has been used as a prognostication tool in helping decide between a watch-and-wait or an invasive approach when managing <a href="/articles/prostatic-carcinoma-1">prostate carcinoma</a> 5. The cut-off used most commonly is 0.15 or 0.20 ng/mL2.

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2.Mottet N, Bellmunt J, Briers E, van den Bergh R, Bolla M, van Casteren N, et al. Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. The Netherlands: European Association of Urology; 2015.<a href="https://uroweb.org/wp-content/uploads/EAU-Guidelines-Prostate-Cancer-2015-v2.pdf"></a>
3. Amiel G, Hollis M, Kreshover J, Terris M. Medical Student Curriculum: Prostate Cancer Screening and Management, Linthicum, MD: Americal Urological Association; 2016. <a href="https://www.auanet.org/education/auauniversity/for-medical-students/medical-student-curriculum/prostate-cancer/psa"></a>
4. Sfoungaristos S & Perimenis P. PSA Density is Superior Than PSA and Gleason Score for Adverse Pathologic Features Prediction in Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer. Can Urol Assoc J. 2012;6(1):46-50. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.11079">doi:10.5489/cuaj.11079</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22396369">Pubmed</a>
5. Schoots IG, Osses DF, Drost FH, Verbeek JFM, Remmers S, van Leenders GJLH, Bangma CH, Roobol MJ. Reduction of MRI-targeted biopsies in men with low-risk prostate cancer on active surveillance by stratifying to PI-RADS and PSA-density, with different thresholds for significant disease. (2018) Translational andrology and urology. 7 (1): 132-144. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21037/tau.2017.12.29">doi:10.21037/tau.2017.12.29</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29594027">Pubmed</a>
2. Schoots IG, Osses DF, Drost FH, Verbeek JFM, Remmers S, van Leenders GJLH, Bangma CH, Roobol MJ. Reduction of MRI-targeted biopsies in men with low-risk prostate cancer on active surveillance by stratifying to PI-RADS and PSA-density, with different thresholds for significant disease. (2018) Translational andrology and urology. 7 (1): 132-144. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21037/tau.2017.12.29">doi:10.21037/tau.2017.12.29</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29594027">Pubmed</a>

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