Pulmonary calcification

Changed by Francis Deng, 29 Jan 2021

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Pulmonary calcification has many causes and varying morphology:

calcific pulmonary nodules or masses
- ~~nodules~~
  - ~~moderate-sized nodules~~
    - ~~calcified~~ ~~granulomas, e.g. prior~~ ~~thoracic histoplasmosis, recovered~~ ~~miliary tuberculosis~~ ~~(rare)~~
  - micronodules
- larger nodules and masses
  - calcified granulomas~~: may sometimes calcify~~, e.g. prior thoracic histoplasmosis, recovered miliary tuberculosis (rare)
  - pulmonary hyalinising granuloma
  - pulmonary hamartoma
  - pulmonary chondroma
  - calcifying fibrous pseudotumour of the lung
calcifying pulmonary metastases

amorphous calcifications

pulmonary amyloidosis
metastatic pulmonary calcifications~~: non-malignant~~ (nonmalignant)
- due to end-stage renal disease
- following solid organ transplant (such as liver transplantation² or heart transplantation³)

other forms of calcification

pulmonary arterial calcification

~~following orthotopic~~ ~~liver transplantation~~²

~~following orthotopic~~ ~~heart transplantation~~³

Differential diagnosis

~~-<li>nodules<ul>~~
-<li>moderate-sized nodules<ul><li>calcified <a title="Granulomas" href="/articles/granuloma">granulomas</a>, e.g. prior <a href="/articles/thoracic-histoplasmosis-1">thoracic histoplasmosis</a>, recovered <a href="/articles/miliary-tb">miliary tuberculosis</a> (rare)</li></ul>
~~-</li>~~
~~-<a title="Micronodules" href="/articles/fleischner-society-pulmonary-nodule-recommendations-1">micronodules</a><ul>~~
+<a href="/articles/fleischner-society-pulmonary-nodule-recommendations-1">micronodules</a><ul>
~~-</ul>~~
~~-</li>~~
~~-<li>masses<ul>~~
~~-<li>~~
~~-<a href="/articles/solitary-fibrous-tumour-of-the-pleura">pleural fibroma</a>: may sometimes calcify</li>~~
+<li>larger nodules and masses<ul>
+<li>calcified <a href="/articles/granuloma">granulomas</a>, e.g. prior <a href="/articles/thoracic-histoplasmosis-1">thoracic histoplasmosis</a>, recovered <a href="/articles/miliary-tb">miliary tuberculosis</a> (rare)</li>
+<li><a href="/articles/pulmonary-hamartoma-1">pulmonary hamartoma</a></li>
+<li><a title="Pulmonary chondroma" href="/articles/pulmonary-chondroma">pulmonary chondroma</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/calcifying-pulmonary-metastases">calcifying pulmonary metastases</a></li>
~~-<li><a href="/articles/calcifying-pulmonary-metastases">calcifying pulmonary metastases</a></li>~~
~~-<a href="/articles/metastatic-pulmonary-calcification">metastatic pulmonary calcifications</a>: non-malignant</li>~~
~~-</ul>~~
~~-</li>~~
~~-<li>other forms of calcification<ul>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/pulmonary-arterial-calcification">pulmonary arterial calcification</a></li>~~
~~-<li>following orthotopic <a href="/articles/imaging-in-liver-transplantation">liver transplantation</a> 2~~
+<a href="/articles/metastatic-pulmonary-calcification">metastatic pulmonary calcifications</a> (nonmalignant)<ul>
+<li>due to <a title="End-stage renal disease" href="/articles/end-stage-kidney-disease">end-stage renal disease</a>
~~-<li>following orthotopic <a href="/articles/cardiac-transplant">heart transplantation</a> 3~~
+<li>following solid organ transplant (such as <a href="/articles/imaging-in-liver-transplantation">liver transplantation</a> 2 or <a href="/articles/cardiac-transplant">heart transplantation</a> 3)</li>
+</ul>
+<li>other forms of calcification<ul><li><a href="/articles/pulmonary-arterial-calcification">pulmonary arterial calcification</a></li></ul>
+</li>

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Pulmonary calcification

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Differential diagnosis

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