Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury
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Acromioclavicular joint injuries are classified most commonly using the 6-grade-type system described by Rockwood (1998) 3. This is a modification of the earlier 3-grade-class classification system described by Allman (1967) 2 and Tossy (1963) and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most recent system for acromioclavicular joint injury assessment.
It takes into account not only the acromioclavicular joint itself but also the coracoclavicular ligament, the deltoid and trapezius muscles and the direction of dislocation of the clavicle with respect to the acromion. Essentially gradestypes IV, V and VI are variants of gradetype III 6.
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type I: clavicle not elevated with respect to the acromion
- AC ligament: mild sprain
- CC ligament: intact
- joint capsule: intact
- deltoid muscle: intact
- trapezius muscle: intact
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type II: clavicle elevated but not above the superior border of the acromion
- AC ligament: ruptured
- CC ligament: sprain
- joint capsule: ruptured
- deltoid muscle: minimally detached
- trapezius muscle: minimally detached
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type III: clavicle elevated above the superior border of the acromion but coracoclavicular distance is less than twice normal (i.e. <25 mm)
- AC ligament: ruptured
- CC ligament: ruptured
- joint capsule: ruptured
- deltoid muscle: detached
- trapezius muscle: detached
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type IV: clavicle displaced posteriorly into trapezius
- AC ligament: ruptured
- CC ligament: ruptured
- joint capsule: ruptured
- deltoid muscle: detached
- trapezius muscle: detached
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type V: clavicle is markedly elevated and coracoclavicular distance is more than double normal (i.e. >25 mm)
- AC ligament: ruptured
- CC ligament: ruptured
- joint capsule: ruptured
- deltoid muscle: detached
- trapezius muscle: detached
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type VI: clavicle inferiorly displaced behind coracobrachialis and biceps tendons, which is rare
- AC ligament: ruptured
- CC ligament: ruptured
- joint capsule: ruptured
- deltoid muscle: detached
- trapezius muscle: detached
See also
-<p><strong>Acromioclavicular joint injuries are classified</strong> most commonly using the 6-grade system described by Rockwood (1998) <sup>3</sup>. This is a modification of the earlier 3-grade classification system described by Allman (1967) <sup>2</sup> and Tossy (1963) and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most recent system for acromioclavicular joint injury assessment.</p><p>It takes into account not only the acromioclavicular joint itself but also the coracoclavicular ligament, the deltoid and trapezius muscles and the direction of dislocation of the clavicle with respect to the acromion. Essentially grades IV, V and VI are variants of grade III <sup>6</sup>. </p><ul>- +<p><strong>Acromioclavicular joint injuries are classified</strong> most commonly using the 6-type system described by Rockwood (1998) <sup>3</sup>. This is a modification of the earlier 3-class classification system described by Allman (1967) <sup>2</sup> and Tossy (1963) and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most recent system for acromioclavicular joint injury assessment.</p><p>It takes into account not only the acromioclavicular joint itself but also the coracoclavicular ligament, the deltoid and trapezius muscles and the direction of dislocation of the clavicle with respect to the acromion. Essentially types IV, V and VI are variants of type III <sup>6</sup>. </p><ul>
References changed:
- 7. Warth R, Martetschläger F, Gaskill T, Millett P. Acromioclavicular Joint Separations. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2013;6(1):71-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-012-9144-9">doi:10.1007/s12178-012-9144-9</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242975">Pubmed</a>
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Case 5: gradetype III
Image 4 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
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Case 2: gradetype I
Image 5 Annotated image (Frontal) ( update )
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Figure 2: Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury - annotated radiographs
Image 7 MRI (T2 fat sat) ( update )
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Case 3: gradetype II
Image 8 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
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Case 4: gradetype III
Image 9 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
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Case 6: gradetype III
Image 10 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
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Case 7: gradetype III
Image 14 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
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Case 9: gradetype V
Image 15 MRI (PD fat sat) ( update )
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Case 8: gradetype V (MRI)
Updates to Synonym Attributes
Title
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Acromioclavicular injury gradingclassification
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