Sensorineural hearing loss
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Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) refers to deafness secondary to conditions affecting the inner ear, internal acoustic canal, cerebellopontine angle, or vestibulocochlear nerve.
Pathology
Conditions that cause SNHL can be divided by location and/or aetiology:
- inner ear
- bony labyrinth
- otosclerosis (and other causes of otic capsule demineralisation)
- trauma, e.g. temporal bone fracture
- congenital (developmental or acquired)
- complete labyrinthine aplasia
- cochlear aplasia
- cochlear hypoplasia
- common cavity malformation
- incomplete partitioning
- malformations of the vestibule or semicircular canals
- large vestibular aqueduct syndrome
- membranous labyrinth
- infectious, e.g. labyrinthitis
- can be complicated labyrinthine ossificans
- trauma, e.g. intracochlear haemorrhage
- intracochlear scwhannoma
- Meniere disease
- infectious, e.g. labyrinthitis
- bony labyrinth
- internal acoustic canal/cerebellopontine angle mass
/vestibulocochlear/ vestibulocochlear nerve:- acoustic schwannoma
- meningioma
- vascular (rare), e.g. haemangiomas
- metastases: more commonly lung, breast, melanoma, lymphoma
- cystic lesions, e.g. epidermoid cyst, arachnoid cyst
- cochlear nerve anomalies
-<p><strong>Sensorineural hearing loss </strong>(<strong>SNHL</strong>) refers to deafness secondary to conditions affecting the <a href="/articles/inner-ear">inner ear</a>, <a href="/articles/internal-acoustic-canal">internal acoustic canal</a>, <a href="/articles/cerebellopontine-angle">cerebellopontine angle</a>, or <a href="/articles/vestibulocochlear-nerve">vestibulocochlear nerve</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Conditions that cause SNHL can be divided by location and/or aetiology:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Sensorineural hearing loss </strong>(<strong>SNHL</strong>) refers to deafness secondary to conditions affecting the <a href="/articles/inner-ear">inner ear</a>, <a href="/articles/internal-acoustic-canal">internal acoustic canal</a>, <a href="/articles/cerebellopontine-angle">cerebellopontine angle</a>, or <a href="/articles/vestibulocochlear-nerve">vestibulocochlear nerve</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Conditions that cause SNHL can be divided by location</p><ul>
-<li>internal acoustic canal/<a href="/articles/cerebellopontine-angle-mass">cerebellopontine angle mass</a>/vestibulocochlear nerve:<ul>- +<li>internal acoustic canal / <a href="/articles/cerebellopontine-angle-mass">cerebellopontine angle mass</a> / vestibulocochlear nerve<ul>
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