Serum ascites albumin gradient
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Serum-ascites ascites albumin gradient
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The serum–ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is the difference between the concurrently obtained serum albumin concentration and the albumin concentration of the ascitic fluid obtained during paracentesis.
A difference equal to or in excess of 1.1 grams/deciliter (g/dL) indicates portal hypertension as the likely etiology, whereas a gradient which is less than 1.1 g/dL implies an etiology which causes increased vascular permeability in the portal system. A (partial) differential diagnosis of potential etiology, based on the SAAG, is as follows 2:
- serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL
- serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL
- ascites not due to portal hypertension
-<p>The <strong>serum–ascites albumin gradient</strong> (SAAG) is the difference between the concurrently obtained serum albumin concentration and the albumin concentration of the <a title="Ascitic fluid" href="/articles/ascites">ascitic</a> fluid obtained during <a title="Abdominal paracentesis" href="/articles/abdominal-paracentesis">paracentesis</a>. </p><p>A difference equal to or in excess of 1.1 grams/deciliter (g/dL) indicates <a title="Portal hypertension" href="/articles/portal-hypertension">portal hypertension</a> as the likely etiology, whereas a gradient which is less than 1.1 g/dL implies an etiology which causes increased vascular permeability in the <a title="Portal vein" href="/articles/portal-vein">portal system</a>. A (partial) differential diagnosis of potential etiology, based on the SAAG, is as follows <sup>2</sup>:</p><ul>-<li>serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL <ul><li>ascites due to <a title="Portal hypertension" href="/articles/portal-hypertension">portal hypertension</a><ul>-<li><a title="Cirrhosis" href="/articles/cirrhosis">cirrhosis</a></li>-<li><a title="Cardiac cirrhosis" href="/articles/cardiac-sclerosis">cardiac cirrhosis</a></li>-<li><a title="Acute hepatitis" href="/articles/acute-hepatitis">alcoholic hepatitis</a></li>-<li><a title="Budd Chiari syndrome" href="/articles/budd-chiari-syndrome-1">budd chiari syndrome</a></li>- +<p>The <strong>serum–ascites albumin gradient</strong> (SAAG) is the difference between the concurrently obtained serum albumin concentration and the albumin concentration of the <a href="/articles/ascites">ascitic</a> fluid obtained during <a href="/articles/abdominal-paracentesis">paracentesis</a>. </p><p>A difference equal to or in excess of 1.1 grams/deciliter (g/dL) indicates <a href="/articles/portal-hypertension">portal hypertension</a> as the likely etiology, whereas a gradient which is less than 1.1 g/dL implies an etiology which causes increased vascular permeability in the <a href="/articles/portal-vein">portal system</a>. A (partial) differential diagnosis of potential etiology, based on the SAAG, is as follows <sup>2</sup>:</p><ul>
- +<li>serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL<ul><li>ascites due to <a href="/articles/portal-hypertension">portal hypertension</a><ul>
- +<li><a href="/articles/cirrhosis">cirrhosis</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/cardiac-sclerosis">cardiac cirrhosis</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/acute-hepatitis">alcoholic hepatitis</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/budd-chiari-syndrome-1">budd chiari syndrome</a></li>
-<li>serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL <ul><li>ascites not due to portal hypertension<ul>- +<li>serum-ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL<ul><li>ascites not due to portal hypertension<ul>
-<a title="Tuberculosis" href="/articles/tuberculosis">tuberculous</a> ascites</li>-<li><a title="Acute pancreatitis" href="/articles/acute-pancreatitis">pancreatic ascites</a></li>-<li><a title="biliary ascites" href="/articles/biliary-ascites">biliary ascites</a></li>-<li><a title="Peritoneal carcinomatosis" href="/articles/peritoneal-metastases">peritoneal carcinomatosis</a></li>- +<a href="/articles/tuberculosis">tuberculous</a> ascites</li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/acute-pancreatitis">pancreatic ascites</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/biliary-ascites">biliary ascites</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/peritoneal-metastases">peritoneal carcinomatosis</a></li>
References changed:
- 1. Elisa M. Aponte, Maria C. O'Rourke. Paracentesis. (2019) <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28613769">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 2. Thomsen TW, Shaffer RW, White B, Setnik GS. Videos in clinical medicine. Paracentesis. (2006) The New England journal of medicine. 355 (19): e21. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMvcm062234">doi:10.1056/NEJMvcm062234</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17093242">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
Tags changed:
- cirrhosis
- liver
- portal hypertension
- ascites
Systems changed:
- Gastrointestinal
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