Splenic lesions and anomalies
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There are a number of splenic lesions and anomalies:
Gamuts
Congenital anomalies
Mass lesions
Benign mass lesions
- splenic cyst (mnemonic)
- splenic pseudocyst
- splenic haemangioma: commonest benign splenic lesion
- splenic lymphangioma
- splenic hamartoma
- sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT): fibrosing variant of hamartoma
- extramedullary haematopoiesis in the spleen
- splenic abscess: sonographically characterised by multiple “target” lesions
- splenic hydatid cysts
- splenic inflammatory pseudotumour 7
- splenic lipoma
- splenic angiomyolipoma
- splenic fibroma 7
- sarcoidosis
- focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease 8
- splenic haematoma 10
Indeterminate mass lesions
- solitary fibrous tumours - range from indolent to aggressive (WHO grade 1 - 3)
- littoral cell angioma of the spleen
- inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the spleen
Malignant mass lesions
- splenic lymphoma: commonest malignant tumour with splenic involvement 2
- angiosarcoma of spleen: commonest primary malignant splenic tumour 3
haemagiopericytoma of spleen- splenic metastases: 50% of which are from malignant melanoma
- splenic malignant fibrous histocytoma 9
Diffuse infiltrative processes
These usually manifest as splenomegaly. Some can present as distinct lesions (e.g. granulomas).
Multifocal splenic lesions
- lymphoma
- metastases
- sarcoidosis
- fungal abscesses
- granulomatous infections
- splenic siderosis (Gamna-Gandy bodies)
Other abnormalities
- splenic rupture
- traumatic: spleen is the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma 2
- non-traumatic
- splenic infarction
- splenosis
- splenic peliosis
-<li><a title="splenic cyst (mnemonic)" href="/articles/splenic-cyst-mnemonic">splenic cyst (mnemonic)</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/splenic-cyst-mnemonic">splenic cyst (mnemonic)</a></li>
- +<li>
- +<a title="Solitary fibrous tumours" href="/articles/solitary-fibrous-tumour">solitary fibrous tumours</a> - range from indolent to aggressive (WHO grade 1 - 3)</li>
-<li><a href="/articles/haemangiopericytoma-of-the-spleen">haemagiopericytoma of spleen</a></li>