The superior auricular muscle, an extrinsic muscle of the ear, originates from the epicranial aponeurosis and plays a pivotal role in adjusting the position of the auricle.
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Summary
origin: epicranial aponeurosis
insertion: superior surface of the auricle
blood Supply: branches of the facial artery
innervation: temporal and posterior auricular branches of the facial nerve (CN VII)
action: elevates the ear superiorly
Gross Anatomy
Origin
The superior auricular muscle is a delicate, fan-shaped auricular muscle. Its roots lie within the epicranial aponeurosis and the temporal fascia, converging into a tendon attached superiorly to the auricle. Notably, it is the largest among the extrinsic muscles of the ear.
Insertion
The muscle inserts into the upper part of the auricle's cranial surface, contributing to its distinctive shape.
Arterial Supply
The anterior auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery, the posterior auricular branch of the external carotid artery, and the occipital artery predominantly supply blood to this muscle.
Venous Drainage
The pterygoid plexus, external jugular, and maxillary vein comprise the key venous drainage system for the muscle.
Innervation
The superior auricular muscle is innervated primarily by the temporal auricular branch of the facial nerve (CN VII), playing a significant role in controlling muscle action.
Action
The muscle acts to draw the ear superiorly, supporting the auricle's optimal positioning. This activity is fundamental to the function of the ear in capturing and conducting sound.
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