Testicular lymphoma
Updates to Article Attributes
Testicular lymphoma is an uncommon cause of testicular malignancy. Lymphoma can involve the testes in three ways:
- primary site of extranodal disease (primary testicular lymphoma)
- secondary involvement of systemic disease
- primary manifestation of subclinical systemic disease
This article is concerned with primary testicular lymphoma.
Epidemiology
Testicular lymphoma accounts for ~10% of testicular malignancies and ~2% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas 1. It is the most common bilateral intratesticular tumortumour.
It is the most common testicular tumortumour in men >60 years 3.
Clinical presentation
Unilateral testicular swelling and/or mass is the most common presentation, although bilateral presentation is common (40%) 1,3.
B symptoms such as weight loss, fever, and weakness may occur.
Pathology
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for the majority (~80%) of cases. Extranodal involvement is common, especially 3,4:
- Waldeyer's ring
- skin and subcutaneous tissues
- central nervous system
- contralateral testis
- lung
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Ultrasound features are nonspecificnon-specific 4:
- it may present as
- diffuse enlargement with ill-defined hypoechoic signal
- discrete hypoechoic intratesticular mass(es)
- epididymis may be enlarged and hypoechoic as well
- colour Doppler: testis is markedly hypervascular
Treatment and prognosis
Orchiectomy and systemic chemotherapy is preferred treatment due to distant sites of relapses. 10-year survival is reported at 88% with a relapse rate of 8% 5,6.
Differential diagnosis
For ultrasound appearances consider 4:
- other primary testicular malignancies
- testicular haematoma
- testicular torsion
- epidydimo-orchitis and orchitis (overlapping ultrasound features, distinction often clinical)
- testicular leukaemia (similar ultrasound appearance)
- testicular metastases (rare)
-</ul><p>This article is concerned with primary testicular lymphoma. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Testicular lymphoma accounts for ~10% of testicular malignancies and ~2% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas <sup>1</sup>. It is the most common bilateral intratesticular tumor.</p><p>It is the most common testicular tumor in men >60 years <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Unilateral testicular swelling and/or mass is the most common presentation, although bilateral presentation is common (40%) <sup>1,3</sup>. </p><p>B symptoms such as weight loss, fever, and weakness may occur.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for the majority (~80%) of cases. Extranodal involvement is common, especially <sup>3,4</sup>:</p><ul>- +</ul><p>This article is concerned with primary testicular lymphoma.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Testicular lymphoma accounts for ~10% of testicular malignancies and ~2% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas <sup>1</sup>. It is the most common bilateral intratesticular tumour.</p><p>It is the most common testicular tumour in men >60 years <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Unilateral testicular swelling and/or mass is the most common presentation, although bilateral presentation is common (40%) <sup>1,3</sup>. </p><p>B symptoms such as weight loss, fever, and weakness may occur.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for the majority (~80%) of cases. Extranodal involvement is common, especially <sup>3,4</sup>:</p><ul>
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Ultrasound</h5><p>Ultrasound features are nonspecific <sup>4</sup>:</p><ul>- +</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Ultrasound</h5><p>Ultrasound features are non-specific <sup>4</sup>:</p><ul>
-</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Orchiectomy and systemic chemotherapy is preferred treatment due to distant sites of relapses. 10-year survival is reported at 88% with a relapse rate of 8% <sup>5,6</sup>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>For ultrasound appearances consider <sup>4</sup>:</p><ul>- +</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Orchiectomy and systemic chemotherapy is preferred treatment due to distant sites of relapses. 10-year survival is reported at 88% with a relapse rate of 8% <sup>5,6</sup>.</p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>For ultrasound appearances consider <sup>4</sup>:</p><ul>
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.