Trapped ventricle

Changed by Henry Knipe, 15 Feb 2017

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Trapped ventricle,also known as isolated ventricle,is a condition in which there is obstruction to the entry and exit path of CSF through the ventricle.

Clinical presentation

~~Presentation~~The presentation is that of increased intracranial pressure due to expanded trapped ventricle.

trapped temporal horn
- triad
  - hemiparesis: due to compression of the internal capsule
  - memory disturbance: due to compression of the hippocampus
  - homonymous hemianopsia: due to compression of Meyer loop
trapped fourth ventricle
- diplopia
- ataxia
- nystagmus

Pathology

Obstruction of the ventricular outlet (with continued CSF production) results in cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle and supratentorial hydrocephalus².

CausesAetiology

choroid plexitis/ventriculitis
CNS tuberculosis
~~hemorrhage~~haemorrhage obstructing exit pathway
intracranial masses
intraventricular cysts
complication after lateral ventricular shunting⁶

Location

Radiographic features

The involved ventricle appears as a focally dilated cystic structure that follows CSF signals on respective cross ~~sectional~~-sectional imaging. The remaining ventricular system may appear normal.

There is transependymal CSF seepage around the trapped ventricle.

Key hole sign may be seen in cases of herniation of trapped fourth ventricle ¹.

Treatment and prognosis

Management options include:

treatment of the cause
shunting of the trapped ventricle

-<p><strong>Trapped ventricle</strong>,<strong> </strong>also known as<strong> isolated ventricle</strong>,<strong> </strong>is a condition in which there is obstruction to the entry and exit path of CSF through the ventricle.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Presentation is that of increased intracranial pressure due to expanded trapped ventricle.</p><ul>
+<p><strong>Trapped ventricle</strong>,<strong> </strong>also known as<strong> isolated ventricle</strong>,<strong> </strong>is a condition in which there is obstruction to the entry and exit path of CSF through the ventricle.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>The presentation is that of increased intracranial pressure due to expanded trapped ventricle.</p><ul>
~~-<li>hemiparesis: due to compression of <a href="/articles/internal-capsule">internal capsule</a>~~
+<li>hemiparesis: due to compression of the <a href="/articles/internal-capsule">internal capsule</a>
~~-<li>memory disturbance: due to compression of <a href="/articles/hippocampus">hippocampus</a>~~
+<li>memory disturbance: due to compression of the <a href="/articles/hippocampus">hippocampus</a>
-</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Obstruction of the ventricular outlet (with continued CSF production) results in cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle and supratentorial hydrocephalus<sup>2</sup>.</p><h5>Causes</h5><ul>
+</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Obstruction of the ventricular outlet (with continued CSF production) results in cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle and supratentorial hydrocephalus <sup>2</sup>.</p><h5>Aetiology</h5><ul>
~~-<li>hemorrhage obstructing exit pathway</li>~~
+<li>haemorrhage obstructing exit pathway</li>
~~-<li><a href="/articles/lateral-ventricles">trigone of lateral ventricle</a></li>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/lateral-ventricles">trigone of the lateral ventricle</a></li>
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>The involved ventricle appears as a focally dilated cystic structure that follows CSF signals on respective cross sectional imaging. The remaining ventricular system may appear normal.</p><p>There is transependymal CSF seepage around the trapped ventricle.</p><p><a href="/articles/key-hole-sign">Key hole sign</a> may be seen in cases of herniation of trapped fourth ventricle <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Management options include:</p><ul>
+</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>The involved ventricle appears as a focally dilated cystic structure that follows CSF signals on respective cross-sectional imaging. The remaining ventricular system may appear normal.</p><p>There is transependymal CSF seepage around the trapped ventricle.</p><p><a href="/articles/key-hole-sign">Key hole sign</a> may be seen in cases of herniation of trapped fourth ventricle <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Management options include:</p><ul>