Vesicoureteric reflux (grading)

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Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) grading divides vesicoureteric reflux according to height of reflux up the ureters and degree of dilatation of the ureters:

grade 1: reflux limited to ureter
grade 2: reflux up to the ~~renal~~ renal pelvis
grade 3: mild dilatation of ureter and pelvicalyceal system
grade 4
- tortuous ureter with moderate dilatation
- blunting of fornices but preserved papillary impressions
grade 5
- tortuous ureter with severe dilatation of ureter and pelvicalyceal system
- loss of fornices and papillary impressions ²

It is important to note that each side may have a different grade of reflux.

~~-grade 2: reflux up to the renal pelvis</li>~~
+grade 2: reflux up to the renal pelvis</li>

References changed:

3. Lebowitz R, Olbing H, Parkkulainen K, Smellie J, Tamminen-Möbius T. International System of Radiographic Grading of Vesicoureteric Reflux. Pediatr Radiol. 1985;15(2):105-9. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02388714">doi:10.1007/bf02388714</a>
Lebowitz R, Olbing H, Parkkulainen K et-al. International system of radiographic grading of vesicoureteric reflux. Pediatr Radiol. 1985;15 (2): 105-109. <a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02388714">Pediatr Radiol (abstract)</a> - <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02388714">doi:10.1007/BF02388714</a>

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Vesicoureteric reflux (grading)

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