Viral respiratory tract infection
Updates to Article Attributes
Viral respiratory tract infection is a broad term given to pulmonary infection from various viral agents.
Pathology
They can be caused by any of a large number of viral agents, including but not limited to:
RNA viruses
- orthomyxoviridae
- influenza pneumonia
- H1N1 pneumonia (swine influenza)
- H5N1 pneumonia (avian influenza)
- influenza pneumonia
- paramyxoviridae
- respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
- human metapneumovirus (HMTV)
- measles: respiratory tract infection from measles
- mumps: respiratory tract infection from mumps
- coxsackievirus: coxsackievirus respiratory tract infection
- echovirus: echovirus respiratory tract infection
- enterovirus: enterovirus respiratory tract infection
DNA viruses
- adenovirus: adenovirus lung infection
- herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- cytomegalovirus: cytomegalovirus pneumonia
- varicella-zoster virus (VZV): varicella pneumonia
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): EBV pneumonia
- human papillomavirus (HPV): HPV pneumonia
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph / CT
The most common findings include bilateral perihilar peribronchial thickening and interstitial infiltrates which, particularly in children, due to their small-calibre airways, can result in areas of atelectasis or air trapping. Sometimes airspace consolidation or haemorrhage may also develop. Pleural effusion, hilar lymphadenopathy and pneumothorax are uncommon findings.
Imaging findings alone are not specific enough for the definitive diagnosis of viral pneumonia and radiographic patterns can be variable, depending on the specific viral strain, as a well as host factors.
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain radiograph / CT</h5><p>The most common findings include bilateral perihilar peribronchial thickening and interstitial infiltrates which, particularly in children, due to their small-calibre airways, can result in areas of atelectasis or air trapping. Sometimes airspace consolidation or haemorrhage may also develop. Pleural effusion, hilar lymphadenopathy and pneumothorax are uncommon findings.</p><p>Imaging findings alone are not specific enough for the definitive diagnosis of viral pneumonia and radiographic patterns can be variable, depending on the specific viral strain, as a well as host factors.</p>- +</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain radiograph / CT</h5><p>The most common findings include bilateral perihilar peribronchial thickening and interstitial infiltrates which, particularly in children, due to their small-calibre airways, can result in areas of atelectasis or air trapping. Sometimes airspace consolidation or haemorrhage may also develop. Pleural effusion, hilar lymphadenopathy and pneumothorax are uncommon findings.</p><p>Imaging findings alone are not specific enough for the definitive diagnosis of viral pneumonia and radiographic patterns can be variable, depending on the specific viral strain, as well as host factors.</p>
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