Widening of the diploic space
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Widening of diploc spacerefers to diffuse, most commonly bilateral, calvarium widening secondary to extra-medullary hematopoiesis within skull.
Causes
Differential diagnosis
- chronic haemolytic disorders including Sickle cell disease, Thalassaemia, Iron deficiency anaemia and other chronic severe anaemias. In those cases it may be associated with vertical striations running in diploic space giving rise to characteristic Hair on end sign (mnemonic).
- metabolic disorders including Renal osteodystrophy, Hyperparathyroidism
- overgrowth secondary to Microcephaly or chronic Hydrocephalus
- medication including Phenytoin Phenytoin cerebellar degeneration
-<p><strong>Widening of diploc space </strong>refers</p><p><strong>Differential diagnosis</strong></p>- +<p><strong>Widening of diploc space </strong>refers to diffuse, most commonly bilateral, calvarium widening secondary to extra-medullary hematopoiesis within skull.</p><h4><strong>Causes</strong></h4><p>Most commonly caused by systemic underlying pathologies such as:</p><ul>
- +<li>chronic haemolytic disorders including <a href="/articles/sickle-cell-disease">Sickle cell disease</a>, <a href="/articles/thalassaemia">Thalassaemia</a>, <a href="/articles/iron-deficiency-anaemia">Iron deficiency anaemia</a> and other chronic severe anaemias. In those cases it may be associated with vertical striations running in diploic space giving rise to characteristic <a href="/articles/hair-on-end-sign-mnemonic">Hair on end sign (mnemonic)</a>. </li>
- +<li>metabolic disorders including <a href="/articles/renal-osteodystrophy">Renal osteodystrophy</a>, <a href="/articles/hyperparathyroidism">Hyperparathyroidism</a>
- +</li>
- +<li>overgrowth secondary to <a href="/articles/microcephaly">Microcephaly</a> or chronic <a href="/articles/hydrocephalus">Hydrocephalus</a>
- +</li>
- +<li>medication including Phenytoin <a href="/articles/phenytoin-cerebellar-degeneration">Phenytoin cerebellar degeneration</a>
- +</li>
- +</ul>
References changed:
- 1. Lloret I, Server A, Taksdal I. Calvarial lesions: a radiological approach to diagnosis. (2009) Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). 50 (5): 531-42. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/02841850902795274">doi:10.1080/02841850902795274</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19353343">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 2. Hollar MA. The hair-on-end sign. (2001) Radiology. 221 (2): 347-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2212991231">doi:10.1148/radiol.2212991231</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11687674">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
Systems changed:
- Head & Neck
- Musculoskeletal
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