Xiphisternum
Updates to Synonym Attributes
Updates to Article Attributes
The xiphisternum(also known as the xiphoid process or simply the xiphoid)is the smallest of the three parts of the sternum (manubrium(manubrium, body or gladiolus and xiphisternum). It arises from the inferior and posterior margin of the sternal body and projects downwardsinferiorly. It is a small cartilaginous extension of the lower sternal body, with which it forms an articulation. It usually ossifies later in life 1.
Gross anatomy
The xiphoid is generally thin and elongated, but its morphology can be quite varied, including being bifid, perforated, broad, curved or deflected to one side 2. This variability is genetic and thus can be used for identification of relatives, but otherwise is without clinical significance. The xiphisternumxiphoid can form a reference point in performing chest compressions in CPR and is found at the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra 3.
Articulations
The xiphisternum forms a symphysis with the lower end of the sternal body. This process can ossify at any time after the third year of life but usually, happens occurs in adulthood past the fourth decade 1.
Attachments
- rectus abdominis muscle and the linea alba: the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles attach from the xiphisternum to the pubic symphysis
- diaphragm: the xiphisternum forms part of the attachment of the diaphragm to the anterior chest wall
- costoxiphoid ligaments: these variable fibrous bands forms connections between the xiphisternum to the 7th and sometimes the 6th costal cartilages 2.
-<p>The <strong>xiphisternum </strong>is the smallest of the three parts of the sternum (manubrium, body or gladiolus and xiphisternum). It arises from the inferior and posterior margin of the sternal body and projects downwards. It is a small cartilaginous extension of the lower sternal body, with which it forms an articulation. It usually ossifies later in life <sup>1</sup>.</p><h5>Gross anatomy</h5><p>The xiphoid is generally thin and elongated, but its morphology can be quite varied, including being bifid, perforated, broad, curved or deflected to one side <sup>2</sup>. This variability is genetic and thus can be used for identification of relatives, but otherwise is without clinical significance. The xiphisternum can form a reference point in performing chest compressions in CPR and is found at the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra <sup>3</sup>.</p><h5>Articulations</h5><p>The xiphisternum forms a symphysis with the lower end of the sternal body. This process can ossify at any time after the third year of life but usually, happens in adulthood past the fourth decade <sup>1</sup>. </p><h5>Attachments</h5><ul>- +<p>The <strong>xiphisternum </strong>(also known as the <strong>xiphoid process</strong> or simply the<strong> xiphoid</strong>)<strong> </strong>is the smallest of the three parts of the sternum (<a href="/articles/manubrium">manubrium</a>, <a href="/articles/sternal-body">body </a>or gladiolus and xiphisternum). It arises from the inferior and posterior margin of the sternal body and projects inferiorly. It is a small cartilaginous extension of the lower sternal body, with which it forms an articulation. It usually ossifies later in life <sup>1</sup>.</p><h5>Gross anatomy</h5><p>The xiphoid is generally thin and elongated, but its morphology can be quite varied, including being bifid, perforated, broad, curved or deflected to one side <sup>2</sup>. This variability is genetic and thus can be used for identification of relatives, but otherwise is without clinical significance. The xiphoid can form a reference point in performing chest compressions in CPR and is found at the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra <sup>3</sup>.</p><h5>Articulations</h5><p>The xiphisternum forms a symphysis with the lower end of the sternal body. This process can ossify at any time after the third year of life but usually occurs in adulthood past the fourth decade <sup>1</sup>. </p><h5>Attachments</h5><ul>
-<a href="/articles/linea-alba">linea alba</a>: the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles attach from the xiphisternum to the pubic symphysis</li>- +<a href="/articles/rectus-abdominis-muscle">rectus abdominis muscle</a> and the <a href="/articles/linea-alba">linea alba</a>: the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles attach from the xiphisternum to the <a href="/articles/pubic-symphysis">pubic symphysis</a>
- +</li>
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