Presentation
Dizziness and unsteadiness; CT brain to rule out acute brain insult.
Patient Data
Mild age related involutional changes are noted in brain parenchyma. No recent established territorial infarction or intracranial hemorrhage is seen. No mass effect or midline shift is noted. Gross morphology of the posterior cranial fossa structures is within normal limits. Polypoidal mucosal thickening of the left maxillary sinus; the remaining paranasal sinuses and bilateral mastoid air cells are well-aerated and clear. Exaggerated external occipital protuberance (occipital spur-type III).
Case Discussion
Occipital spur, an exaggerated external occipital protuberance (EOP), is considered a normal variant and is hardly reported in the medical literature1. Broca et al. classified EOP into six anatomical types which was later simplified by Gülekon and Turgut into three subtypes: type I (smooth); type II (crest form) and type III (spine form) 1-3. Type 3 EOP is most commonly seen in males (63.4% of males versus 4.2% of females) and this finding is frequently used in the forensic medicine in gender determination 1-3.
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