Items tagged “case3”
232 results found
Article
Nitrofurantoin related lung changes
Nitrofurantoin related lung disease refers to a spectrum of lung changes that can be precipitated by nitrofurantoin use.
Epidemiology
Nitrofurantoin-induced lung injury is uncommon where a considerable number of reported publications likely reflect the widespread use of the drug rather than th...
Article
Osteitis
Osteitis is an inflammation of the bone, usually in the context of inflammatory arthropathy.
Terminology
Osteitis refers only to the inflammation of bony structures, in particular the cortex (non-medullary infection or infectious osteitis) 1-3. If there is infectious involvement of the medulla...
Article
Umbilical arterial pulsatility index
Umbilical arterial pulsatility index (UA-PI) is a parameter used in umbilical arterial (UA) Doppler assessment. It is calculated by subtracting the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) from the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and then dividing by the time-averaged (mean) velocity (TAV):
PI = (PSV - EDV) /...
Article
Umbilical arterial systolic / diastolic ratio
Umbilical arterial systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio is a parameter used in obstetric imaging as part of umbilical arterial (UA) Doppler assessment. It is the ratio between the systolic velocity and the diastolic velocity.
Practical points
The reference range varies through the stage of pregnancy...
Article
Third inflow
Third inflow refers to anatomical variants leading to an additional venous inflow to the liver apart from the usual dual blood supply (portal vein and hepatic artery). They tend to be associated with parenchymal pseudolesions (focal hyperenhancement on post-contrast imaging, focal fat infiltrati...
Article
Fibrosarcoma
Fibrosarcomas are malignant tumors of fibroblast origin. They are a type of soft tissue sarcoma that can be grouped by patient age, i.e. adult fibrosarcoma and infantile fibrosarcoma, and/or anatomical region, for example:
fibrosarcoma of the breast
fibrosarcoma of the chest wall
fibrosarcoma...
Article
Lateral humeral line
The lateral humeral line is used to confirm the alignment of the pediatric radiocapitellar joint in the coronal plane 1. This is particularly important in injuries such as a Monteggia fracture-dislocation or in a radial neck fracture.
Measurement
The lateral humeral line is drawn on a pediatri...
Article
Acetabular index
The acetabular index, also known as the acetabular roof angle or Tönnis angle, is a radiographic measurement of acetabular inclination. It is useful in assessing for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) as well as pincer morphology in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).
Measurement
The ace...
Article
Radiation recall pneumonitis
Radiation recall pneumonitis is a rare reaction occurring in previously irradiated areas of pulmonary tissue after the application of triggering agents (e.g. chemotherapeutic agents, immunomodulators). It is not thought to be due to the direct effect of radiation. Classically this has been descr...
Article
Deep endometriosis (transvaginal ultrasound)
Transvaginal ultrasound (TV) for deep endometriosis is a specialized ultrasound technique used for the detection of deep endometriosis (DE). It differs from a traditional pelvic ultrasound in that the scan is extended beyond the uterus and ovaries to assess the anterior and posterior pelvic comp...
Article
Pembrolizumab-induced sarcoid-like reaction
Pembrolizumab-induced sarcoid-like reaction is a recently (c.2019) reported phenomenon which has been associated with the use of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) inhibitor pembrolizumab. It could be mistaken for metastatic disease in some situations.
See also
drug induced lung diseas...
Article
ARCO classification of femoral head osteonecrosis
The ARCO classification (Association Research Circulation Osseous classification) is one of the staging systems used to assess femoral head osteonecrosis. It was created in 1994 and periodically revised. The most recent revision from 2019 2 includes using radiographs and MRIs.
Classification
s...
Article
Synovium
The synovium (plural: synoviums, not synovia) or synovial membrane is a soft tissue lining of joints bursae and tendon sheaths and seems to be responsible for the secretion and absorption of synovial fluid components, whereby the synovial fluid arises from leakage of the intimal capillaries 1-4....
Article
Venous lacunae (skull)
Venous lacunae, also known as venous lakes, are enlarged venous spaces within the skull, most often in the parasagittal region. They are normal variants and their primary importance is that they may mimic lytic lesions.
Gross anatomy
Venous lacunae are the result of focal venous dilatations ...
Article
Lesions of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation
Lesions of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation are partial or complete tears of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation, that can occur with or without patellar or quadriceps tendon tears and can cause anterior knee pain.
Pathology
Disruption and separation of prepatellar quadriceps conti...
Article
Ovarian ligament
The ovarian ligament, ligament of the ovary, or utero-ovarian ligament is one of the supporting ligaments of the ovary and uterus within the female pelvis. It should not be confused with the suspensory ligament of the ovary, which is a separate structure that extends laterally from the ovary and...
Article
Spinal epidural venous plexus congestion
Spinal epidural venous plexus congestion or dilatation is typically a complication of other pathologies.
Clinical presentation
Radiculopathy caused by the dilated epidural veins is not uncommon 1. More severe symptoms such as cauda equina compression syndrome have been reported 6, 7.
Patholo...
Article
Choroid plexus infarction
Choroid plexus infarction is an uncommon stroke syndrome that results from ischemic changes of the choroid plexus cells supplied by the medial posterior choroidal artery, a branch from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA).
Clinical presentation
Isolated choroid plexus infarction is rare and has...
Article
Tarsal canal
The tarsal canal is a medial stem-like continuation of cone-shaped sinus tarsi, often described together as a funnel-shaped tarsal canal and sinus, which extends posteromedially to the sustenaculum tali and lies between the medial and posterior facets of the subtalar joint 1-4.
Gross anatomy
...
Article
Spinal epidural cystic lesions
Spinal epidural cystic lesions are fluid-filled lesions within the spinal canal but outside the thecal sac. Their clinical significance is as a potential contributor to spinal cord or nerve root impingement. Simple appearing spinal epidural cysts may represent several entities that differ by ori...
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