Jeremy Jones ◉

A 7-year-old child presents with a worsening headache, waking him from sleep. An MRI is performed which shows a posterior fossa tumor and secondary obstructive hydrocephalus. The solid component of the tumor has low ADC values. What is the most likely diagnosis?

This 8-year-old presented with blurred vision and an MRI demonstrated this tumor. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A child presents with a prolonged headache and VI nerve palsy. An MRI is performed that demonstrates a brainstem tumor. The radiologist is convinced that this is a diffuse midline glioma with the H3 K27M mutation. Which of the following imaging findings, would be UNEXPECTED for this tumor type?

A 12-year-old boy presents with reduced visual acuity and during workup has an MRI. The right optic nerve is expanded all the way back to the chiasm which is also enlarged. Given the likely diagnosis, what is the most likely underlying condition?

What is the most likely diagnosis in this 10-year-old?

A manual worker presents with pain over the lateral aspect of the elbow. An ultrasound is performed. Which muscular insertion is most likely to be involved?

The common extensor origin on the lateral surface of the distal humerus sees the attachment of multiple extensor muscles of the forearm. Which of the following does not arise from the common origin?

A 25-year-old male presents following an injury at the gym. There is visible bruising at the flexor origin and the biceps are asymmetric. A bicipital injury is suspected. What is the ultrasound most likely to reveal?

A 12-year-old boy presents with a large left-sided scrotal mass. The testicle is not visible on the ultrasound scan. There are lymph nodes in the left groin and the testicle is visible in the left canal. The kidneys are normal. There are no other masses. What is the most likely diagnosis?

The "gonad Uber" (gubernaculum) is involved in the delivery of the testicle to the scrotum. If the testicle is undescended, where is the most likely place to find it?

You are scanning a 45-year-old man and when getting a long-axis view of the testicle, this is the image you produce. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A young adult presents with left-sided groin swelling. An ultrasound is performed. The testicle and epididymis are both normal. However, there is cystic swelling noted above the epididymis in close approximation to the vessels in the spermatic cord. What is the most likely diagnosis?

When a child is born, the epiphysis is composed of cartilage. As it ossifies it is replaced by bone. What is the correct order of ossification?

What is the most likely cause of anterior knee pain in this 13-year-old soccer player?

An adolescent with the lesion shown here in the anterior knee has an arthroscopy with a plan for treatment. What treatment do you expect to be required from the key image?

This adolescent presents with left anterior knee pain. They are on no medications. A plain film is normal and subsequent imaging is performed. Given the appearance of the CT, what should be done next (imaging/treatment)?

A 6-month old child is referred for an ultrasound because of an expanding lump on their lower back. It has been present for many months, but has started enlarging recently. There is slight skin discolouration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

In young children, which of the following normal nodes is commonly larger than 1 cm in short axis?

A 7-year-old presented with a localized swelling on the left cheek. It was hard to palpate but non-tender. It has been increasing in size slowly. An ultrasound shows a 1.4 cm lesion with speckled areas of increased echogenicity. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 32-week gestation neonate is born after spontaneous preterm labor. APGARs are reported as 7 and 9. Over the first hours, there is an increased oxygen requirement, and the neonate is ventilated. What is the most likely diagnosis?