Medullary nephrocalcinosis

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Renal medullary nephrocalcinosis is commonest form of nephrocalcinosis and ~~refers~~ refers to deposition of calcium salts in the medulla of the kidney. Due to the concentrating effects of the loops of Henle, and the biochemical ~~millieux~~milieu of the medulla, compared to the cortex, it is 20 times more common than cortical nephrocalcinosis.

Often (and by no means surprisingly) the same entities are also liable to lead to nephrolithiasis (renal calculi).

Pathology

Causes include ^1-2:

medulla
- hyperparathyroidism
- medullary sponge kidney
- renal tubular acidosis (type 1)
- hypervitaminosis D
- milk-alkali syndrome
- other pathological hypercalcemic or hypercalciuric states
  - Cushing syndrome
  - multiple myeloma
pyramids
- hyperuricemia
- infection (particularly renal tuberculosis)
- sickle cell disease (leading to infarction and subsequent dystrophic calcification)
- renal papillary necrosis
- drugs
  - frusemide abuse⁴

-Renal medullary nephrocalcinosis is commonest form of <a href="/articles/nephrocalcinosis">nephrocalcinosis</a> and refers to deposition of calcium salts in the medulla of the kidney. Due to the concentrating effects of the loops of Henle, and the biochemical millieux of the medulla, compared to the cortex, it is 20 times more common than <a href="/articles/cortical-nephrocalcinosis">cortical nephrocalcinosis</a>. Often (and by no means surprisingly) the same entities are also liable to lead to <a href="/articles/urolithiasis">nephrolithiasis</a> (renal calculi).Causes include 1-2:<ul>
+Renal medullary nephrocalcinosis is commonest form of <a href="/articles/nephrocalcinosis">nephrocalcinosis</a> and refers to deposition of calcium salts in the medulla of the kidney. Due to the concentrating effects of the loops of Henle, and the biochemical milieu of the medulla, compared to the cortex, it is 20 times more common than <a href="/articles/cortical-nephrocalcinosis">cortical nephrocalcinosis</a>.Often (and by no means surprisingly) the same entities are also liable to lead to <a href="/articles/urolithiasis">nephrolithiasis</a> (renal calculi).<h4>Pathology</h4>Causes include 1-2:<ul>
~~-<a title="medullary nephrocalcinosis mnemonic" href="/articles/medullary-nephrocalcinosis-mnemonic">medullary nephrocalcinosis mnemonic</a> (HAM HOP)</li>~~
+<a href="/articles/medullary-nephrocalcinosis-mnemonic">medullary nephrocalcinosis mnemonic</a> (HAM HOP)</li>

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Medullary nephrocalcinosis

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Pathology

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