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Papillary muscles

Dr Yuranga Weerakkody ◉ and Dr Craig Hacking ◉ ◈ et al.

The papillary muscles are thick bands and ridges of endocardial-lined myocardium that project into the lumen of the cardiac ventricles. They essentially represent dominant ventricular trabeculae which attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves via the chordae tendineae. During systole, they contract to close atrioventricular valves and prevent the valves from prolapsing.

The right ventricle has 3 papillary muscles that attach to the cusps of the tricuspid valve:

the anterior papillary muscle attaches to the chordae tendineae of the anterior and posterior cusps
the posterior papillary muscle attaches to the chordae tendineae of the posterior and septal cusps
the septal papillary muscle attaches to the chordae tendineae of the anterior and septal cusps

Within the anterior papillary muscle, there is a prominent band that extends from the interventricular septum that contains the right bundle branch, known as the septomarginal trabecula or moderator band.

The left ventricle has 2 papillary muscles that attach to the cusps of the mitral valve:

anterior papillary muscle attaches to the chordae tendineae of the anterior and posterior cusps
posterior papillary muscle attaches to the chordae tendineae of the anterior and posterior cusps

Related pathology

papillary muscle calcification

References

Anatomy: Thoracic

thoracic skeleton
- thoracic cage
  - ribs
    - typical ribs
    - atypical ribs
    - variant anatomy
      - bifid ribs
  - costal cartilage
  - sternum
- thoracic spine
- articulations
muscles of the thorax
spaces of the thorax
thoracic viscera
blood supply of the thorax
- arteries
  - thoracic aorta (development)
  - pulmonary trunk
    - left pulmonary artery
      - aberrant left pulmonary artery
    - right pulmonary artery
- veins
  - superior vena cava (cavoatrial junction)
  - inferior vena cava
  - coronary veins
    - cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
      - great cardiac vein
      - middle cardiac vein
      - small cardiac vein
      - posterior vein of the left ventricle
      - vein of Marshall (oblique vein of the left atrium)
    - anterior cardiac veins
    - venae cordis minimae (smallest cardiac veins or thebesian veins)
  - pulmonary veins
    - bronchial veins
lymphatics
innervation of the thorax

Article information

rID: 49584

System: Cardiac

Section: Anatomy

Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:

Papillary muscle

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